A procedure to select the best material combination and optimally design sandwich laminates with fibre reinforced skins and low density cores for minimum cost is described. Sandwich constructions generally provide improved ...

A procedure to design symmetrically laminated structures for maximum buckling load with manufacturing uncertainty in the ply angle—which is the design variable, is described. It is assumed that the probability of any ...

Accurate optimal design solutions for most engineering structures present considerable difficulties due to the complexity and multi-modality of the functional design space. The situation is made even more complex when ...