Recently our understanding of cancer has advanced in the realization that apoptosis and the genes that control it have a profound effect on the malignant phenotype. It is now clear that some oncogenic mutations disrupt ...

Riboflavin (vitamin B2), an essential water-soluble vitamin is commercially produced because it cannot be synthesized by vertebrates. Although this vitamin is produced chemically, bioproduction is a better option since it ...

Many secondary metabolites that have been extracted from medicinal plants have been used as source of clinical drugs. However, the concentration of the active metabolites in plants is generally low. An attractive alternative ...

Immunomodulation using plants is of primary interest in scientific communities because it provides an alternative to conventional chemotherapy for a wide range of diseases. It is based on the ability of the plants to ...

South African edible oil processing plants produce approximately 3 x 105 tonnes of oil annually with up to 3 tonnes of water for every tonne of oil produced. Wastewater that contains oil extracts varies in organic loading ...