Integrating the 4th Industrial Revolution in spatial planning curricula : the case of South African tertiary institutions

Abstract

The 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) – the narrative of change associated with technologyrelated disruptions through the proliferation of cyber-physical systems – is set to have a profound impact on the built environment. Technological applications that include big data analytics, cloud computing, and machine learning will affect spatial conceptualisation and design, construction activities, building operations and management, and real estate activities. The statutory and strategic nature of spatial planning processes may be disrupted by future technological applications. Equipping current and future spatial planning practitioners with the necessary skills is essential in maintaining property sector productivity and catalysing renewed efforts toward spatial transformation in South African human settlements. The objective of this research is to evaluate current approaches in tertiary education institutions in effectively transferring knowledge regarding 4IR as it relates to the spatial planning discipline and equipping said students with the relevant skills to prolong sector competitiveness. A qualitative case study analysis is applied, which includes the assessment of the curricula of selected accredited spatial planning schools and their relevant integration of 4IR applications. Research findings highlight the limited inclusion of 4IR and related multidisciplinary, practical, and theoretical themes in spatial planning education. Recommendations include increased knowledge transfer on the theoretical synergies between 4IR and spatial planning; development of computer-based skills; and implementing existing competencies, including critical thinking and problem solving, to foster sectoral adaptability.